In the digital age, cybersecurity is becoming not only a technical issue, but also an important aspect of national security. The number of cyberattacks is increasing every year, and their economic and social consequences are becoming more serious. This article examines in detail the need to elevate cybersecurity to the level of state policy, modern threats and their types, including ransomware attacks, automated attacks based on artificial intelligence, and issues related to supply chain security. It also analyzes modern strategic approaches such as Zero Trust architecture, the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning tools, and evaluates their effectiveness. The article, along with international experience, highlights the stages of formation of national cybersecurity policies and shortcomings in practice. The main focus is on the need to create a sustainable cybersecurity system through cooperation between citizens, the private sector, and government organizations, technological development, and effective policies. This study attempts to create a theoretical and practical basis for developing systematic approaches to cybersecurity threats in countries.
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