STUDY OF VOLATILE COMPONENTS OF LEAVES AND FLOWERS OF Punica granatum L., VARIETY “KAYUM” GROWING IN UZBEKISTAN
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Abstract
The composition of the essential oil of leaves and flower petals, as well as the benzene extract of perianths Punica granatum L. of the Kayum variety, collected during the period of mass flowering in the Fergana region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, were studied by chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the essential oil of the leaves, 59 components were found, of which 51 components were identified (91.36% of the essential oil), where (+)-2-bornanone (camphor) (21.81%), β-thujone (8.27%), (-)- borneol (7.39%), cis -dihydrocarvone (7.22%) and α-thujone (4.81%). In the composition of the essential oil of P. granatum flower petals, 41 components were found, of which 27 compounds were identified (96.41% of the essential oil), while the major components were bis-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (40.33%), furfural (16.08%), palmitic (15.15%) and linoleic (5.64%) acids, as well as 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2(1H)-one ( 4.07% ). In the benzene extract of perianths, 7 components were found, of which 4 were identified (76.18% of the extract), and 2-pentadecanol (36.08%) and ethyl linoleate (22.01%) dominated in the extract. A comparative analysis of the composition of the volatile components of the leaves, flower petals, and perianths of P. granatum made it possible to establish the dominant components for each sample.
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