The article examines the historical development of trade and transport systems on the territory of Uzbekistan during the periods of colonial rule of the Russian Empire and Soviet domination. Development can be divided into three stages:
The emergence and development of modern trade and transport routes in Uzbekistan under Russian colonialism.
The development of these paths under Soviet rule.
Innovative stage of development and integration with world trade in the conditions of independence of Uzbekistan.
The article describes in detail the first stage, with an emphasis on the construction of railways, starting with the 1874 initiative to connect Orenburg and Tashkent. The strategic importance of such roads for the Russian Empire is noted, their impact on trade, in particular, an increase in exports of goods from Central Asia and imports from Russia, as well as stimulation of production in the region. It also points to increased trade with neighboring countries such as Afghanistan and Iran due to railway infrastructure.